《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(9): 1473-1481

赤霉素和萘乙酸互作对烤烟生长、碳氮代谢及烟叶品质的影响

李健忠¹, 薛立新², 朱金峰³, 许仪², 金磊², 郝浩浩¹, 苏谦⁴, 许自成^1,*

¹河南农业大学烟草学院, 郑州450002; ²河南省烟草公司济源市公司, 河南济源454650; ³河南省烟草公司漯河市公司, 河南漯河462000; ⁴青岛卷烟厂, 山东青岛 266101

通信作者：许自成；E-mail: zcxu@sohu.com；Tel: 0371-63555916

摘　要：

通过田间试验研究了赤霉素(GA₃)和萘乙酸(NAA)互作对烤烟生长、碳氮代谢及烟叶品质的影响。结果表明, 喷施GA₃和NAA均能不同程度地促进上部烟叶开片, 促进烟株根、茎、上部叶的生长和干物质积累, 且二者交互作用的效果更明显。喷施GA₃和NAA均能提高烟株碳代谢的强度, 且二者互作时的作用效果更明显, 但在一定程度上推迟了烟叶成熟落黄的时间, 延长了大田生育期。喷施GA₃和NAA可以有效地提高中、上部烟叶钾含量、钾氯比和有机钾指数, 降低烟叶氯含量。但对烟碱和糖碱比的影响表现不一致, 中部叶表现为提高烟碱含量, 降低糖碱比, 上部叶表现为降低烟碱含量, 提高糖碱比。对总糖含量和SO₄^2-离子的含量没有影响。赤霉素和萘乙酸对上部烟叶的影响程度远高于中部烟叶, 两者互作时的作用效果更好。其中10 mg•kg^-1 GA₃+10 mg•kg^-1 NAA的处理效果最佳。

关键词：烤烟; 赤霉素; 萘乙酸; 碳氮代谢; 生长; 品质

收稿：2015-05-05   修定：2015-08-12

资助：河南省烟草公司科技攻关项目(HYKJ2011M01和HYKJ201043)。

Interaction Effect of Gibberelin and NAA on Growth, Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Leaf Quality in Flue-Cured Tobacco

LI Jian-Zhong¹, XUE Li-Xin², ZHU Jin-Feng³, XU Yi², JIN Lei², HAO Hao-Hao¹, SU Qian⁴, XU Zi-Cheng^1,*

¹College of Tobacco Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; ²Jiyuan Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco Company, Jiyuan, Henan 454650, China; ³Luohe Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco Company, Luohe, Henan 454200, China; ⁴Qingdao Cigarette Factory, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China

Corresponding author: XU Zi-Cheng; E-mail: zcxu@sohu.com; Tel: 0371-63555916

Abstract:

The interaction effects of gibberellin (GA₃) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on the tobacco growth, carbon and nitrogen metabolism and leave quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied by field experiment. The results show that the spraying GA₃ and NAA could promote the expansion of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco in different degrees, and enhanced the growth and accumulation of dry matter in tobacco plant, root, stem, the upper leaves, and the effect of their interaction was more obvious. Spraying GA₃ and NAA could improve the strength of the carbon metabolism in tobacco plants, and their interaction effect was more obvious, but in a certain extent delayed maturity and yellowing time, extended the growing period in the field. Spraying GA₃ and NAA could effectively improve the contents of potassium, potassium-chlorine ratio and organic potassium index in middle and upper leaves, and reduce the chlorine content. The effects on nicotine content and the ratio of sugar to nicotine were different. In the middle leaves, nicotine content was increased, and the ratio of sugar to nicotine was decreased, but they were opposite in the upper leaves. There were no effect on contents of total sugar and SO₄^2-. The effects of GA₃ and NAA in the upper leaves was much higher than those in the middle leaves, and the interaction was better, the treatment of 10 mg•kg^-1 GA₃+10 mg•kg^-1 NAA was best.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco; gibberelin; naphthalene acetic acid; carbon and nitrogen metabolism; growth; quality